Update: Minister of Law and Justice, Sadananda Gowda, has responded to this interview via Tweet:
@Prasoon1001 We don’t agree. Close to Rs. 2000 cr per annum is spent on Judiciary by Centre and State Governments.
— Sadananda Gowda (@DVSBJP) April 29, 2016
His first foray into the fascinating world of law was in erstwhile Pakistan where he was born.
RAM JETHMALANI started practicing at a very young age and moved to India after the Partition in January 1948 as a refugee in Pune. He nurtures great memories of Hindu-Muslim amity before independence. “We got new clothes on Id and Muslim children got new clothes on Diwali. There was a fantastic synthesis of Islam and Hinduism. We lived in complete unison and peace. But after Partition, rivers of blood flowed…”
Jethmalani soon became a celebrity lawyer with the famous Nanavati case in Bombay where a navy officer shot his wife’s lover. After this case, he never looked back. He grew up to be one of the highest-paid lawyers in India with a huge string of high-profile cases. He was a former Union law minister in the earlier BJP government and has even contested against former prime minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Controversy has been his constant companion as he does not hesitate to speak his mind. This was in evidence during this interview with Managing Editor RAMESH MENON late one evening after finishing all his office work. At 93, he works hard and plays hard. Excerpts:
How do you have so much of energy every day?
Every morning I do yogic exercises. I daily spend an hour playing badminton doubles. I play four sets and usually win all of them. I eat very little. For the last 12 years, I am a complete vegetarian. I do not have lunch. I enjoy two drinks in the evening. I sleep well. More than anything, I enjoy good company.
Recently, all the judges of the apex court were asked to go to a retreat near Bhopal where in close-door sessions, officials like National Security Advisor Ajit Doval addressed them on various matters. Is the government subtly attempting to tell judges what to do?
I really do not think that this is a corrupt move to influence judges. Judges are experts in their field. They also need to know more things other than law. Judges must move. They cannot anymore afford to live in an ivory tower. They need exposure to other subjects. I do not think it will interfere with judicial integrity. I have so much respect for judges despite some examples which make us lose our confidence. But compared to other bran-ches of public life, judges are angels. This is my honest opinion of the judiciary.
Among other things that were discussed at the retreat was judicial activism. Is this an attempt to rein in the judges?
Not really. The executive is probably trying to tell the judges that they are not as bad as they seem to be. They are entitled to this kind of effort. It will not affect the judges, believe me. On the other hand, judges should know the other side.
Are the Panama Papers being underplayed in India? Should the judiciary be involved in monitoring an independent inquiry as several politicians and powerful businesses are a part of the funneling of funds?
There are two people in this country who have to be dealt with. They are former finance minister P Chidam-baram and the present finance minister, Arun Jaitley. They have frustrated the country’s investigation process of black money.
There has been much talk about black money. Do you think the government is really serious about bringing it back or was it just an election time slogan?
You can get black money back into India only if you are serious. You are shielding the culprits. This fact has been concealed from the people of India: The Germans paid $475 million bribe to an employee of a bank who gave 1,400 names of those who had stolen national wealth and put it in a bank. The Swiss Bankers Association said that the majority of the names are from India and are prepared to disclose it. The German government in 2008 said that it was ready to give the names to any government without a cost. Why didn’t the BJP or the Congress governments ask for it? They did not want anyone to know who the thieves were. Germany said that some prominent person from India must ask for it. I went to Germany and met officials there who told me that there was no request from India to reveal the names. I came back and wrote a two-line letter to LK Advani saying that India needed to send a letter to the German government and ask for the names. Two weeks later I called him and asked why he had not sent the letter. He just said that he forgot. I cannot believe that excuse. The BJP is as corrupt as the Congress. I am ashamed that I helped Modi become the prime minister. I am ashamed that Modi made Amit Shah the BJP president. I am ashamed of the media which has not publicized the 1,400 names. I am ashamed that I supported Modi during his election campaign. I am ashamed that Amit Shah said that all talk about black money was an election joke. I am an expelled member of the BJP, not that I care.
Using a Supreme Court order, I demanded to see the correspondence between India and the German government. They did not respond for a year. Then I found that the Indian government had only corresponded with a tax office there that deals only with honest tax payers who pay taxes in two countries–where they belong to and where they work! This is the only correspondence they had. They had scored out the names of the authors and the addresses of the letter they sent with indelible ink. People must see that those responsible should go to jail. Their only hope is that Ram Jethmalani will die.
When the election results came in, I wrote in the The Sunday Guardian: ‘Dear Mr. Modi, Congratulations on your success. I am now living in the departure lounge of God’s airport so now fulfill the promise you have made.’ I am now ashamed to say that this man was totally unworthy of my friendship and confidence. I went to the people of Bihar and said that I would vote for Nitish Kumar.
How can one really bring back black money?
The Indian nation is battling corruption. It is really a difficult task. I am 93 and am short of time. If I have another three to four years, I may be able to show you something. I have had 75 years in the bar. Modi succeeded in cheating me on the black money issue. He said that he would get `15 lakh into the account of every Indian as he would bring back black money.
You campaigned for Nitish Kumar in the Bihar elections.
When Nitish requested me to campaign for his party, I told him that I was 93 and could not do that. But I said that if he called two meetings, I could come and address them and then he could see the result. I went to Bihar and told the people that I would vote for Nitish. I told them that I was an educated man with 75 years in the bar dealing with all kinds of rogues and rascals but Modi had succeeded in cheating me on the black money issue. I begged for their forgiveness for having worked to make Modi win the Lok Sabha elections. What happened in Bihar to the BJP will now happen in every state. I challenge Modi to prosecute me for defamation. I will answer him in court.
What is the ideal system of justice that you would want to see?
There is no ideal system. We have a fairly good system. There should be better emoluments. There should be a better bar. What we need is a better government and better politicians. Politicians are the poison of our system. There are honest politicians, but they are an insignificant minority.
India desperately needs judicial reforms. What do you think needs to be done on a priority basis?
India needs to increase the number of courts and judges by 16 times. But, the government does not want to spend money on the judiciary and its infrastructure. That is why cases go on for so many years. It is a scandal. We do not have sufficient judges.
Just look at how our subordinate judges are functioning. Look at their salaries. Look at their living conditions and despite all temptations, they are working and I think they are doing a wonderful job.
Judicial reform is not required. What is required is the reform of our politicians. Then, everything will improve.
Pendency has been a serious issue. What do you think is the solution?
We can see how many have died in the course of a case. Witnesses die as the case drags on for years. I am now defending a Kashmiri who has been languishing in jail for five years. There are 119 witnesses. But only 25 of them have been examined till now. I requested the home minister to ask the public prosecutor to ensure bail for this client as he is innocent and is rotting in jail.
I am waiting for the case to come up for hearing. Our problem is paucity of judges.
How do you think the NJAC will work out?
It was Modi’s bill and it was declared ultra vires. They wanted a minister to be involved in the appointment of judges. Why should a minister be involved? The biggest litigant in India is the government. How can a minister decide who should be the judge?
Women not being allowed into temples violate a fundamental right. In this age, how can we discriminate on the grounds of sex? Is it not contempt of court as women are still being prevented in spite of the Bombay High Court judgment?
It is stupid. Women are purer than men. If you have to prohibit anyone, it is the men who need to be stopped. What is the meaning of stopping women from entering a temple?
You are much more than a lawyer. During reflective moments, what is the kind of India that you want to see?
I want to see India in the comity of nations getting the respect of the world for the integrity of its politicians. That will happen only if there are honest people in power. This is all that is required. We have everything but we have neutralized everything with the wrong people being in power. We had great hopes on Modi. But he did not turn out to be a shining star as we thought.
Is there anything you would like to say that I have not asked?
Stick to the truth and proclaim it. Be prepared to suffer for this great cause.