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“We, the people…” — A walk down the amendment lane

Why November 26? ‘Cause it was on this day in 1949 the Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution of India. Remember though that it came into effect on January 26, 1950 — Republic Day.

We thus get to celebrate November 26 as Constitution Day. We’re celebrating the 70th Constitution Day.

Here’s a trip down memory lane to look at some of the landmark amendments that’s made the Constitution a living document of a democratic nation:

7th Amendment, 1956 – Reorganisation of states on linguistic basis and creation of Union Territories.

9th Amendment, 1960 – Adjustments to Indian territory due to agreement between Governments of India and Pakistan.

13th Amendment, 1962 – State of Nagaland formed with protection under Article 371A.

26th Amendment, 1971 – Privy Purse paid to princely states abolished.

42nd Amendment, 1976 – Fundamental Duties introduced; Preamble readjusted to make India Socialist, Secular, Republic.

44th Amendment, 1978 – Right to Property deleted from Fundamental Rights chapter.

52nd Amendment, 1985 – Defection after election made illegal.

61st Amendment, 1989 – Voting age reduced from 21 to 18.

73rd Amendment, 1992 – Introduction of Panchayati Raj (Part IX added to Constitution)

74th Amendment, 1992 – Introduction of Municipalities (Part IXA added to Constitution)

86th Amendment, 2002 – Right to Education of children between 6-14 years made fundamental right.

8th,  23rd, 45th, 62nd, 79th and 95th Amendments – Extension of Reservation of seats in Parliament and State Assemblies.

101st Amendment, 2016 – Introduction of Goods and Services Tax (GST)

102nd Amendment, 2018 – Granted Constitutional status to National Commission for Backward Classes.

103rd Amendment, 2019 – Reservation for economically weaker section (EWS) of the society in Articles 15 and 16.

— India Legal Bureau

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